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■━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━■ ┃ Multi Lingual Internet Mail Magazine ┃ ★ jp-Swiss-journal - Vol. 129 - September 15, 2011 (Swiss Time) ┃ ☆ http://www.swissjapanwatcher.ch/ ■━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━■ 【 目次 / INDEX / INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 】 【J】 ミシュリン・カルミ＝レ連邦評議員（外相） 明子 ヒューリマン 辞任表明の余波 【E】 Aftermath of announcing the resignation of Akiko Huerlimann Micheline Calmy-Rey, Federal Councilor and Head of the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs □━━━━━━━━━━━━【 日本語 】━━━━━━━━━━━━━━□ ミシュリン・カルミ＝レ連邦評議員（外相）辞任表明の余波 明子 ヒューリマン 9年間連邦評議員 *1) として一貫して外務大臣職を務めたSP（社会民主党） のミシュリン・カルミ＝レ女史 *2) は今年の連邦大統領 *3) を兼務して いるが、9月7日に辞任を表明した。公式の辞任時期は2011年10月23日に投 票が行われる連邦国民議会議員選挙の後。12月に連邦評議員選挙が連邦議 会で行われることになっているのだが、カルミ＝レ連邦評議員は次回立候 補しない事を表明した。現政府の連邦評議員としては在任期間最長となる ことから、かねてから辞任が取り沙汰されていた。このビックニュースを ターゲス・アンツァイガー紙は翌日トップ頁から6頁まで割いて詳報した。 カルミ=レ大統領の連邦評議員就任当初の評価は、弊誌<Vol. 93 - January 26, 2008 「激震の後のスイスの政局」>であらましを伝えた。最 近の評価は就任当初程ではないものの、やはり彼女の業績と存在は非凡と 認めるべきだろう。ターゲス・アンツァイガー紙も「頑固な愛国者」とい う見出しでスイス外交を牽引したと伝えた。 カルミ＝レ連邦評議員辞任表明後の最大の注目点は、BDP（Buergerlich- Demokratischen Partei）のエヴェリン・ヴィドゥマー＝シュルンプフ連 邦評議員が果たして再選されるかどうかという点に集中している。理由は 弊誌<Vol. 92 - December 18, 2007 「激震に揺さぶられたスイス政府」> でご紹介しているのでご一読あれ。この時の因縁の計略が、次の連邦評議 員戦に複雑な影響を及ぼそうとしている訳だが、その後の経緯も弊誌 <Vol. 96 - May 01, 2008「スイス民主主義に連帯のうねり」>、<Vol. 98 - July 05, 2008 「保守の分裂」><Vol. 103 - December 31, 2008「 スイスの新内閣」>、<Vol. 109 - August 02, 2009 「連邦評議員選」>、 <Vol. 120 - September 04, 2010「スイス政府に変革の兆し」>で概略を 記した。今読み返しても、当時の胸の熱くなるような経緯が思い出される 。 保守の最右翼で最大政党のSVP（スイス国民党）から追い出されてBDPが結 党されたものの、相変わらずの弱小政党を母党とするエヴェリン・ヴィド ゥマー＝シュルンプフ連邦評議員ではあるが、先ず法相を担当してその手 腕を印象付け、昨年辞任した蔵相メルツ連邦評議員の後釜に望んで担当を 代わった。就任以来そつなく国務大臣としての任務を遂行しており、政争 で辞任させるには惜しいという声は多い。働き盛りの55歳で就任当初の騒 動も落ち着き、9月10日付TA紙のオンライン調査結果は、彼女の再選を支 持する意見は1,470人中53%で反対は47%だった。スイスではこれを「僅差」 とは言わず、「明確な肯定」と表現する慣習があるとの印象を得ている。 前回の選挙結果で保守党のSVPが又もや第一党になったが、強硬姿勢を貫 き他党との協力関係を構築出来ず、本来院内会派の数からすればSVPは2つ の閣僚ポストを得られる筈が、未だに国防相一つに留まっている。当然の ことながら、今度こそ閣僚ポストをもう一つ獲得すべくSVPは戦略を練っ ている。SVPは現在「大量の外国人帰化阻止」のキャンペーン中であり、 外相ポストを狙っていると伝えられている。 「カルミ＝レ連邦評議員の足跡を辿る事は簡単な事では無い」、と9月8日 付のターゲス・アンツァイガー紙の表紙を飾ったシャードゥ氏の諷刺画は、 超ハイヒールの足跡を描いて意味深。特筆されるべきは、国連人権委員会 *4) を国連人権理事会 *5) に格上げを提唱して実現に尽力した事だろう。 それでも、この日の同紙にはSPの二人の有力後継候補が写真入りで大きく 紹介された。後任は仏語圏出身者に絞られ、1人は労組出身でヴォー州の 社会保障と保健担当理事のピエール＝イーヴ・マイヤール氏。もう1人は 39歳の若手のホープながら経歴は立派なフリブール州代表の全州議会議員 アラン・ベルセ氏は保守派にとっては手強い相手と評されている。 前回の逆転劇を主導したSPの党勢だが、左右両方からの攻勢に見舞われて いる状況だ。SPが二つの閣僚ポストを維持する為には、次回はエヴェリン ・ヴィドゥマー＝シュルンプフ連邦評議員を支援するのは危険と見られて いる。共謀した緑の党もGLP（Green Liveral Party）に支持を奪われる傾 向にある。SPと緑の党の戦略に相乗りしたCVPのダルベレイ党首は、BDP会 派のグルンダー会長に連携を誘うも断られたと報じられている。現内閣の 党派別構成 *6) は、SP 2名、FDP 2名、CVP 1名、SVP 1名、BDP 1名。弱 体化傾向のFDPは提携相手も見つからず、2名の閣僚の内1名の再任が危ぶ まれている。9月10日現在の各政党の支持率は、SVP 28%、SP 20.5%、FDP 15.6%、CVP 14.5%、Gruene 9.5%、glp 4.5%、BDP 3.1%とTA紙は報じた。 この中で、ここ1カ月支持を伸ばしているのがSVPとSPとBDP。兎にも角に も、すべては10月23日の連邦議会選挙の結果次第で12月14日の連邦評議員 選の趨勢は決まる。 【 参照 】 *1) 連邦評議員: http://www.admin.ch/br/org/index.html?lang=de *2) Micheline Calmy-Rey: http://www.admin.ch/br/org/bp/index.html?lang=en http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/dfa/head.html *3) 連邦大統領： http://www.admin.ch/br/dokumentation/mitglieder/bundespraesidenten/index.html?lang=de *4) 国際連合人権委員会： http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E9%80%A3%E5%90%88% E4%BA%BA%E6%A8%A9%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E4%BC%9A *5) 国際連合人権理事会： http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E9%80%A3%E5%90%88% E4%BA%BA%E6%A8%A9%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A *6) 連邦議会略称一覧： http://www.parlament.ch/d/wissen/parlamentswoerterbuch/ abkuerzungen/Seiten/default.aspx 【 編集後記 】 状況は以上の通りだが、概観しただけでも今年の年末の結果は見通しが立 たない。スイス政界のこうした状況も一種の捻じれ現象と言えるだろうが 、政治の世界で捻じれはあって当然と考える。政治家とは、ねじれの権力 構造の中で、国民の多様な要求を実現させる極めて困難な職業と言えよう。 □━━━━━━━━━━━━━【 English 】━━━━━━━━━━━━━□ Aftermath of announcing the resignation of Micheline Calmy-Rey, Federal Councilor and Head of the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs Akiko Huerlimann As a Federal Councilor *1), Mrs. Micheline Calmy-Rey *2) of SP (Social Democratic Party) has been on duty in charge of Head of the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs through nine years, and in combination with the position as president *3) this year; she announced her resignation on September 7, 2011. The official resignation will be after the federal parliament election on October 23, 2011. The Federal Councilor election will be taken place at the parliament in December, and the Federal Councilor Calmy-Rey did not announce her candidacy for a new period. As the longest Government member in office among the present cabinet, her resignation was talked about for some time. The <Tages-Anzeiger> reported details of that big news at the top and up to six pages the next day. The evaluation of the first years of Calmy-Rey as federal councilor is roughly described in our magazine <Vol. 93 - January 26, 2008 "Swiss political situation after the seismic tremor">. Her evaluation is not as good as at the beginning; however, we should admit that her performance and presence is extraordinary. The <Tages-Anzeiger> reported that she led Swiss foreign diplomacy with a splash of a "hard-headed patriot". After the most remarkable point of that announcement, the focus is concentrated on either the Federal Councilor Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf of BDP (Buergerlich-Demokratische Partei, Schweiz) whether she will be re-eligible or not. The reasons were informed in our magazine <Vol. 92 - December 18, 2007 "Swiss Government attacked by a seismic tremor from Parliament">, so please read it. The fatal conspiracy at that time could be complexly influence the next Federal Councilor election. The subsequent how and why is also described as summary; <Vol. 96 - May 01, 2008 "Solidary swell for the Swiss democracy">, <Vol. 98 - July 05, 2008 "Fragmented Conservatives">, <Vol. 103 - December 31, 2008 "New Cabinet of Switzerland", <Vol. 109 - August 02, 2009 "The Federal Councilor Election">, <Vol. 120 - September 04, 2010 "Reform signs of the Swiss Government"> When I read them again, I still remember the heartfelt story of that time. The <BDP> party was founded after they were kicked off from the SVP, the biggest and the most conservative party. The mother party of the Federal Councilor Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf is still a fringe party, however, she impressed with her high caliber as Justice Minister first, and then she wanted and changed her position to Finance Minister after the resignation of Mr. Merz last year. Since her accedence, she's been doing a flawless job as the ministers of state, and there are many voices that it would be pity to let her resign due to the struggle for power. Now at her prime with the age of 55 years and the turmoil at first, the situation became calm. The result of an online questionnaire of TA as of September 9, 2011 showed that people wanting to support her re-election was at 53% and against was 47% out of 1,470 answered. I understand that isn't habitually called a "closed vote", but it is a "clear affirmation" in Switzerland. The conservative SVP was the leading party again in the last election, however, it keeps the attitude of hard liner, and therefore it cannot form a collaborative relationship with other parties. According to the number of parliamentary fraction the SVP has rights to get two ministerial posts, but it holds just the post of the Defense Minister yet. As a matter of course, the SVP is planning a strategy in order to obtain one more cabinet seat. Presently, the SVP is creating the "stop mass immigration" campaign, and reportedly it aims to get the post of Head of the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. Caricature by <Schaad> with words "It’s not easy to follow footsteps of Federal Councilor Calmy-Rey" was covered as top page of <Tages-Anzeiger> dated September 8, 2011, and the illustrated footsteps of ultra high heels shoes were meaningful. Noteworthy was that she took the initiative and proposed to upgrade the "United Nations Commission on Human Rights" *4) to "United Nations Human Rights Council" *5). Nevertheless, two major successor candidates of the <SP> were introduced with big photographs on the day of <TA>. The successors were devoted exclusively from the French part. One of them is Mr. Pierre-Yves Maillard who is an experienced union leader and president of the social welfare and healthcare of the canton Vaud. The other person is the 39 years old Mr. Alain Berset who is a young hope, however his carrier is remarkable at the Council of States of Fribourg and he is a tough negotiator for the conservative party. The party power of the <SP> that took up the initiative of that reversal strategy however is exposed to left and right wings. In order to keep two posts as Federal Councilor, the <SP> is supposed to be in danger if it'll support Federal Councilor Eveline Widmer- Schlumpf next time. The conspired <Green Party> is also in a position to be taken away support by <GLP> (green liberal party). CVP that joined the strategy of SP and <Green Party>, the CVP party president Mr. Darbellay asked Mr. Grunder, president of the parliamentary faction of <BDP>, for joining the CVP-parliamentary group, however, it is reported that the offer was declined. The present cabinet structure regarding to the parties *6) is: <SP> two seats, <FDP> two seats, <CVP> one seat, <SVP> one seat, <BDP> one seat. The <FDP> showed a weakening tendency being not able to find a coalition partner and one of the two Federal Councilors was expected to be endangered for a reappointment. The support rate of each party as of September 10 reported by <TA> is as follows; SVP 28%、SP 20.5%、FDP 15.6%、CVP 14.5%、Gruene Partei 9.5%、Gruen Liberale (GLP) 4.5%、and BDP 3.1%. Among them, parties with an increased support rate are SVP, SP, and BDP. Anyway, the trend of the Federal Councilor election on December 14 will depend on the result of the Federal Parliament election on October 23. 【 Reference 】 *1) The Swiss Federal Council: http://www.admin.ch/br/org/index.html?lang=en *2) Micheline Calmy-Rey: http://www.admin.ch/br/org/bp/index.html?lang=en http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/dfa/head.html *3) Presidents and vice-presidents of the Confederation： http://www.admin.ch/br/dokumentation/mitglieder/bundespraesidenten/index.html?lang=en *4) United Nations Commission on Human Rights: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Commission_on_Human_Rights *5) United Nations Human Rights Council: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council *6) Federal Parliament abbreviation list: http://www.parlament.ch/d/wissen/parlamentswoerterbuch/abkuerzungen/ Seiten/default.aspx 【 Editor's comment 】 The present situation is as aforementioned, and the result of this year end by an overview is nowhere in sight. Such circumstances at the Swiss political arena could be called a sort of twisted phenomena; however, I think the contortion in the political world could be normal. The job as politician is quite a difficult occupation to realize different demands of the nation in a twisted power structure. □━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━□ We are intending to offer you current topics, based on Switzerland and Japan with global view as a multi lingual magazine. Irregular release: Weekly Swiss News Headlines will inform Issuing schedule. Please subscribe both mail magazines. 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